The Digital Pharmacovigilance Ecosystem: An Interdisciplinary Review of Real-Time Wearable Monitoring, EHR Integration, and Artificial Intelligence in Chronic Disease Management
Abstract
Background: The management of chronic diseases in primary care is undergoing a profound transformation driven by the convergence of digital health technologies. Traditional pharmacovigilance, reliant on spontaneous reporting and periodic reviews, is ill-suited for detecting subtle, longitudinal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in ambulatory patients. The emergence of continuous data streams from wearable medical devices and advanced analytics within electronic health records (EHRs) presents an unprecedented opportunity to establish a proactive, real-time safety surveillance system embedded within routine care. Aim: This narrative review aims to synthesize contemporary evidence on an integrated digital pharmacovigilance ecosystem for chronic disease management. Methods: A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature (2010-2024) was conducted across PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, CINAHL, and ACM Digital Library. Results: The review identifies that a functional digital pharmacovigilance ecosystem requires seamless data interoperability, validated AI algorithms, and clear clinical workflows. Key findings highlight that wearables provide continuous physiological data serving as potential digital biomarkers for ADRs; EHR-integrated AI can flag anomalous patterns against individual and population baselines; this system empowers general practitioners with actionable insights for treatment personalization. Conclusion: Moving from passive to active pharmacovigilance necessitates a fundamental re-engineering of the primary care chronic disease pathway. Success depends on interdisciplinary collaboration to address challenges of data quality, regulatory frameworks, clinical validation, and equitable access. This ecosystem promises to enhance medication safety, optimize therapeutic outcomes, and usher in a new era of data-driven, preventive pharmacotherapy.
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Authors
Copyright (c) 2024 Khalil Rafed B Alsaedi, Abdullah Ali Alzumaia, Wafiq Mohamed Hadl Alharb, Waleed Mualla Almukhlifi, Rakan Ibrahim Mohammed Almuqbil, Abdullah Abdulrahman Alotaibi, Fahad Galab Aljabali, Elham Kamil Alanazi, Fahad Ali Alshamrani, Munahi Mohammed Munahi Alqahtani, Ali Abdulmohsen Alessa, Abdullah Ahmed Ali Faqihi
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