The Transition from Student to Registered Nurse: Evaluating the Efficacy of Nurse Residency Programs
Abstract
Background: The transition period from nursing student to registered nurse is a time of great stress and professional identity formation; it is quite notoriously referred to as "reality shock." This period is considered one of high anxiety, burnout, and attrition rates, contributing heavily to the already precarious global nursing shortage.
Aim: To review the literature from 2015 to 2024 and provide an analysis of the essential elements, effectiveness, and shortcomings of NRPs in supporting new graduate nurses.
Methods: An extensive literature review was carried out to analyze the structure and outcomes of NRPs. Emphasis was given to identifying the key components of the successful programs and assessing their impact on key metrics such as retention, clinical competence, and job satisfaction.
Results: The findings confirm that well-designed, typically year-long NRPs significantly improve the 1-year retention rate, enhance clinical confidence and competence, and increase job satisfaction. Core elements of success include a standardized curriculum, dedicated and trained preceptors, protected time for debriefing, professional socialization activities, and ongoing support from key stakeholders. Identified gaps include a lack of data on long-term outcomes, variability in regard to standardization of programs, and highly limited emphasis on building resilience and leadership.
Conclusion: NRPs are an essential and effective strategy in supporting NGNs. Longitudinal studies, standard outcome measures, and the development of innovative, scalable models are some of the areas of focus for future efforts to ensure all new graduates receive the needed support to thrive and stay in the nursing profession.
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Authors
Copyright (c) 2024 Wajid Aljubi Ghannam Alruwaili, AlBandri Qasem Alrwuaili, Maha Delbek Alrowlll, Reem Dalbak Yakhni Alruwaili, Abeer Abdullan Judaya Alruwalli, Badriah Sufuq Matar Alruwaili, Amal Lafi Agl Alruwaili, Waad Salman Bin Awadh Alruwaili, Afaf Muharrij A AlRawelie, Sabah Fayz Zaid Alrowaili, Reem Dakheel Albalawi
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