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Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)

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Copyright (c) 2026 Yahya Mansour Tayeb Shafie, Abdulrahman Abdullah Alashjaee, Nawal Ahmed Abdu Hamdi, Amal Saeed Rayhan, Abualqasim Abdullah Masmali, Alaa Hussain Yahya Moafa, Abdulaziz Abdullah Abdulaziz Alyousef, Hessa Saeed M Alghamdi, Fatin Ibrahim Alghamdi, Yahya Mansour Tayeb Shafie, Mutlaq Shudayyid Almutairi, Wafa Mohammed Nour Samkari, ABDULAZIZ ABDULLAH ABDULAZIZ ALYOUSUF

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Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Colorectal Polyps and Polyposis Syndromes : Integrating Pharmacotherapy, Laboratory Biomarkers, Diagnostic Imaging, Rehabilitation, and Genetic Profiling

https://doi.org/10.64483/202631783
Yahya Mansour Tayeb Shafie
University Hospital, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Abdulrahman Abdullah Alashjaee
General Directorate of Prison Health, Dammam Prison Health Center, Ministry of Interior, Saudi Arabia
Nawal Ahmed Abdu Hamdi
Health Center at Jeddah Correctional Facility, Women's Prison, Ministry of Interior, Saudi Arabia
Amal Saeed Rayhan
King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Abualqasim Abdullah Masmali
King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Alaa Hussain Yahya Moafa
Department of Laboratories and Blood Bank, Jazan University Hospital, Jazan University, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Abdulaziz Abdullah Abdulaziz Alyousef
University Hospital, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Hessa Saeed M Alghamdi
Ministry of Health Branch in the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia
Fatin Ibrahim Alghamdi
Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Yahya Mansour Tayeb Shafie
University Hospital, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Mutlaq Shudayyid Almutairi
King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia
Wafa Mohammed Nour Samkari
King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
ABDULAZIZ ABDULLAH ABDULAZIZ ALYOUSUF
University Hospital, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Ministry of health, Saudi Arabia

Corresponding Author(s) : Yahya Mansour Tayeb Shafie

mmkzo00014@gmail.com

Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)

Abstract

Background: Colorectal polyps are common gastrointestinal lesions with heterogeneous histological, molecular, and malignant potential. Although many polyps are benign, adenomatous and serrated lesions may represent important precursors of colorectal cancer. Hereditary polyposis syndromes further increase cancer risk and require early recognition, genetic assessment, and structured surveillance.


Aim: This review aimed to provide an integrated overview of colorectal polyps, focusing on their classification, etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, histopathology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, differential diagnosis, and contemporary management strategies.


Methods: Relevant clinical and scientific literature addressing colorectal polyps and hereditary polyposis syndromes was reviewed. Evidence concerning genetic mechanisms, environmental risk factors, endoscopic and radiological diagnosis, histopathological classification, colonoscopic polypectomy, advanced endoscopic techniques, surgical interventions, and multidisciplinary management was synthesized.


Results: Colorectal polyps comprise hyperplastic, inflammatory, hamartomatous, adenomatous, and serrated lesions with substantially different biological behaviors. Molecular abnormalities involving APC, KRAS, TP53, mismatch-repair genes, BRAF, STK11, SMAD4, MUTYH, and PTEN contribute to distinct hereditary and sporadic pathways. Colonoscopy remains central to diagnosis and treatment, allowing simultaneous detection, characterization, biopsy, and removal. Cold and hot snare polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection, and endoscopic submucosal dissection provide increasingly tailored approaches for different lesions. Surgical and transanal procedures are reserved for selected advanced, unresectable, malignant, or hereditary disease.


Conclusion: Accurate characterization and complete management of colorectal polyps are essential for colorectal cancer prevention. Integration of endoscopy, pathology, laboratory and molecular testing, radiology, genetics, pharmacy, surgery, and rehabilitation supports individualized treatment and long-term surveillance.

Keywords

Colorectal polyps; colorectal cancer; adenomas; serrated lesions; polyposis syndromes; colonoscopy; polypectomy; histopathology; genetic testing; multidisciplinary management.
Shafie, Y. M. T., Alashjaee, A. A., Hamdi, N. A. A., Rayhan, A. S., Masmali, A. A., Moafa, A. H. Y., … ALYOUSUF, A. A. A. (2026). Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Colorectal Polyps and Polyposis Syndromes : Integrating Pharmacotherapy, Laboratory Biomarkers, Diagnostic Imaging, Rehabilitation, and Genetic Profiling. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 3(1), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.64483/202631783
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